The most common culprits behind a failing air conditioning system are issues with the compressor, condenser coils, and refrigerant leaks. The compressor, located on top of the engine, converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to compress refrigerant. If it fails or is malfunctioning, your AC won't cool properly. The condenser coils, usually located outside, dissipate heat from the refrigerant to the surrounding air, allowing it to absorb heat from the car's interior. Refrigerant leaks can also prevent your AC from cooling, as the refrigerant plays a crucial role in transferring heat from the inside to the outside of the system.
In addition to these components, other possible causes include a faulty thermostat, clogged air filters, and issues with the pressure switch or capacitor.
To diagnose the problem, you can start by checking the basic systems. Ensure that the fuse hasn't blown and the circuit breaker hasn't tripped. Next, inspect the condenser coils for blockages or damage. You can also use a thermometer to check the temperature inside your car's cabin and compare it with the outside temperature. This will give you an idea if your AC is working at all.
If none of these steps resolve the issue, it may be best to consult a professional mechanic to inspect the system further and perform any necessary repairs.